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Dilute Nitric Acid Production Processes

The raw material gas is initially pressurized and sent to the oxidation furnace, where nitric monoxide is generated under the catalytic action of platinum gauze. The reacted gas is then subjected to secondary pressurization and delivered to the absorption tower. Through multi-stage absorption in the tower, nitrogen oxides are fully converted into dilute nitric acid.

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Chemical Process Technology

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Product Description

 

I. Current Status of Dilute Nitric Acid Production Processes

At present, the main production processes for dilute nitric acid include the combined process, low-pressure process, full medium-pressure process, full high-pressure process, and dual-pressure process.

  • Combined process & Low-pressure process: These have been basically phased out by the industry due to high production costs and substandard environmental protection performance.
  • Full medium-pressure process: The process generates tail gas with high NOₓ concentration. It is mandatory to equip an ammonia reduction tail gas treatment system to meet emission standards. The capital investment and operating cost of tail gas treatment greatly increase the production cost of nitric acid, and this process is being gradually eliminated from the market.
  • Dual-pressure process: Featuring mature and reliable technology, large-scale production capacity, low energy consumption, direct up-to-standard tail gas emission and excellent comprehensive economic benefits, it has become the preferred process for newly-built dilute nitric acid plants.

 

II. Process Description of Dual-pressure Process

The raw material gas is initially pressurized and sent to the oxidation furnace, where nitric monoxide is generated under the catalytic action of platinum gauze. The reacted gas is then subjected to secondary pressurization and delivered to the absorption tower. Through multi-stage absorption in the tower, nitrogen oxides are fully converted into dilute nitric acid.

 

III. Core Advantages of Dual-pressure Process

1.Superior product quality and environmental performance

The mass concentration of finished dilute nitric acid can reach 60%~65%, and the absorption operating pressure is above 1.0 MPa(G). The tail gas can be directly discharged up to standard without additional advanced treatment, with NOₓ concentration controlled within 200 ppm.

2.High thermal energy utilization efficiency

The equipped waste heat boiler realizes self-sufficient steam supply with surplus steam for external supply.

3.Low energy consumption and operation & maintenance cost

It features low raw material consumption, high energy recovery efficiency, high automation level, stable operation condition and high safety and reliability. The production cost per ton of acid is lower than that of other process plants of the same type.

4.Good investment economy 

It can significantly reduce the overall capital investment of dilute nitric acid plants.

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